Introduction
In Indonesian, the word dijual functions as an adjective and a participle indicating that an object or property is available for sale. The term is widely employed across formal written documents, advertisements, online listings, and everyday speech. It is an essential lexical item in commerce, real estate, automotive sales, and many other sectors where the exchange of goods or services is involved. The prevalence of dijual reflects the significance of market-oriented language in Indonesian society and the role of the Indonesian language as a medium for negotiating economic activity.
Linguistic Foundations
Etymology
The word dijual derives from the root verb jual, which means “to sell.” The prefix di- is a common affix in Indonesian that marks a passive or stative form. In this construction, the verb is nominalized and becomes an adjective that describes the state of the subject. The formation of dijual follows a productive morphological pattern in which the passive voice is created by the prefix di- added to the root, while the suffix -an is not used in this particular case. This pattern is also seen in words such as dimakan (eaten) and dipakai (worn).
Phonology and Morphology
Phonetically, dijual is pronounced /dʒi.ju.al/. The word is bisyllabic, and stress typically falls on the first syllable, a common feature in Indonesian prosody. Morphologically, it consists of the prefix di-, the root jual, and the suffix -l which marks the participle. The internal vowel harmony is preserved, and the affixation does not alter the inherent meaning of the root. As a lexical unit, dijual functions as an adjective that can be used attributively (e.g., mobil dijual) or predicatively (e.g., mobil itu dijual).
Historical Development
Early Usage
The Indonesian language, influenced by Malay, has a long tradition of using participial forms to describe the status of goods. In early Malay manuscripts and colonial-era documents, forms similar to dijual appear in the context of trade. For instance, 18th-century trade agreements between Dutch merchants and local traders refer to items as “dijual” to denote their saleable condition. These documents highlight the term’s role as a marker of commercial readiness and market participation.
Evolution through the 20th Century
During the mid-20th century, the rise of consumer culture in Indonesia led to an increased use of dijual in print media such as newspapers, brochures, and billboards. The expansion of retail chains and the establishment of formal marketplaces contributed to the normalization of the word. By the late 20th century, dijual became a standard descriptor in classified ads and early online forums, solidifying its position in the everyday lexicon of commerce.
Functional Usage
Commercial Contexts
In commercial writing, dijual is typically placed before the noun it modifies. For example, rumah dijual (house for sale) and motor dijual (motorcycle for sale). The term conveys that the object is being offered for purchase and may also imply a certain price range or condition. In real estate listings, additional modifiers such as baru (new) or bekas (used) often accompany dijual to give more detail about the property.
Informal and Colloquial Usage
In spoken Indonesian, especially among younger speakers, dijual can appear in informal contexts where the speaker is informing a friend about an item that can be purchased. For instance, “Bola ini dijual, mau beli?” translates to “This ball is for sale, want to buy?” In such uses, the word functions similarly to the English phrase “for sale.” It can also appear in casual text messages, where brevity is prioritized and the adjective succinctly indicates the status of the item.
Digital Era and E-Commerce
Online Marketplaces
With the proliferation of e-commerce platforms, dijual has become integral to product titles and descriptions. Sites such as Tokopedia, Bukalapak, and Shopee frequently use the term in the “title” field to attract potential buyers. The presence of dijual often improves search engine optimization within the platform’s internal search system, as the algorithm prioritizes listings that contain common commercial keywords.
Social Media and Messaging Apps
Social media channels and messaging applications such as WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook groups serve as informal marketplaces where dijual is used to advertise items. A typical post may read, “Baju lama dijual, 30k.” The compact structure of the phrase fits well with the limited character space and the conversational tone of these platforms. The verb “dijual” signals immediacy and readiness to transact, which aligns with the fast-paced nature of social media commerce.
Cultural and Societal Significance
Impact on Small Businesses
For many micro-entrepreneurs and informal traders, the ability to label an item as dijual in local markets is critical. In street markets, stall owners often use the term in handwritten signs or verbal announcements. The visibility of dijual aids in quickly communicating the sale status to passing customers, thereby influencing impulse purchases and revenue streams. The term also reflects a broader cultural acceptance of entrepreneurial activity in Indonesian society.
Representation in Popular Media
Indonesian films, television dramas, and advertising campaigns frequently incorporate dijual in their scripts and slogans. In narratives where a character seeks financial independence, a plot device such as “menjual rumah, dijual” illustrates the transition from ownership to sale. Commercial advertising often uses the phrase to emphasize affordability or special offers, capitalizing on the straightforward meaning of the term to attract viewers.
Comparative Linguistics
Similar Terms in Austronesian Languages
Within the Austronesian language family, many languages share morphological structures that resemble Indonesian dijual. For example, Malay uses terjual (sold) and jual (sell), while Javanese incorporates didol (sold) and dolok (sell). These cognates illustrate a common linguistic heritage that facilitates mutual intelligibility among speakers of closely related languages.
Loanwords and Global Influence
While dijual itself is native, the Indonesian language has adopted numerous loanwords from English that describe modern commercial concepts, such as online shop and discount. The coexistence of these loanwords with native terms like dijual demonstrates the dynamic nature of Indonesian as it integrates global economic vocabulary while maintaining its indigenous lexical base.
See Also
- jual (sell)
- terjual (sold)
- belum terjual (unsold)
- harga jual (selling price)
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